a. c.)is analogous to Freud's concept of the preconscious. This best illustrates natural selection. Similar to this, evolutionary psychologists contend that women may emphasize long-term relationships more strongly since such partnerships are better for rearing children. d.)I-knew-it-all-along phenomenon. O. d. None of the above are correct to the nearest cent. c.)epigenetics. )both a common language for labeling psychological disorders and comprehensive guidelines for diagnosing them. 18 Compared to their female classmates, college-age men are ________ likely to engage in unsafe sexual practices and ________ likely to die in auto crashes. d. d.)attribution theory, b. B. evolutionary psychology. extraversion; table manners b. Sigmund Freud norms. Groupthink is fueled by a desire for: )becoming so absorbed in reading a book that we don't hear the telephone ring You agree. )patient's unconscious attempts to block the process of revealing repressed memories and conflicts. )more; less Chapter 1 Thinking Critically with Psychological Science Evolutionary psychologists emphasize that environmentally adaptive behaviors are those that have promoted a. reproductive success. Evolutionary theorists assert that gender differences in spatial abilities reflect the division of labour in ancestral hunting and gathering societies in which males typically handled the hunting and females the gathering. )posttraumatic stress disorder. b. PET scan. Chapter 4 Flashcards | Quizlet In this paper, we analyze the findings of biology and evolutionary medicine to better understand the phenomenon of pain . d.)systematic desensitization. His best strategy would be to ask the students to: A) conduct their own experiments. This best illustrates the impact of gender typing 120 seconds. c.)panic disorder. )unconscious fear. 1 in combination with 2 directs our attention as researchers not to parts of the brain but to the programs run by the brain. d.)dissociation. )the bystander effect. b. a. ______________ is a statistical procedure that can be used to identify clusters of behaviors that are related to a trait. b. AP Psychology first half Flashcards - flashcardmachine.com a. This most strongly suggests that dissociative identity disorder may involve: )low self-esteem. )the trait perspective. a. b. The only reason she survived is because her husband came home from work early. b. Infographic: Evolutionary medicine can transform biomedicine and public health. )length of time the client spends in psychotherapy. MRI. Acquired$900,000 of American Instruments 10% bonds at face value. b.)altruism. d.)the placebo effect. c.)agoraphobia. )unconditional positive regard. chromosomes. A basic element of all effective psychotherapies is the: The Federal Accounting Standards Advisory Board has a link to all agency Performance and Accountability Reports or Agency Financial Reports. b.)resistance. d.)5 percent. d.)Thomas, who has the negative symptoms of schizophrenia. In the original Milgram obedience experiment, men aged 20 to 50 had complied fully ________ percent of the time. )the motivation to fulfill one's potential. Which of the following procedures has typically resulted in patients becoming permanently lethargic? See Page 1. e. A baby girl receives a(n) ________ chromosome from her ________. b. d.)psychological disorder, Mark has attempted suicide twice in the last year. )Psychosurgery a. )exposure therapy. )Thorazine d.)major depressive disorder. d.)persistent depressive disorder. )maladaptive b. )disordered thinking. a. a.)self-concept. c.)The people in the untreated group do not get better, while in the psychotherapy group about a third of the people get better, about a third deteriorate, and about a third remain unchanged. b. chromosomes or genomes. Evolutionary psychologists emphasize that. d.)an impaired theory of mind. chromosomes. )self-blaming and overgeneralized explanations of bad events. b. c) memes. Jonah has schizophrenia. d.)dysfunctional, d.)All these things classify Naima's behavior as a psychological disorder. Identifying the specific genes that contribute to alcoholism would be of most direct interest to: The impact of genes on observable traits can vary in different environments. c.)clients have no need to believe or promote that the therapy was effective. Identical twins separated at birth and raised in completely different cultures would be most likely to have similar: We are likely to ________ the personality similarities among children in the same family and we are likely to ________ the personality similarities between parents and their children, At the age of 3 months, Kevin is removed from the home of his abusive biological parents and placed with adoptive parents who provide a happy, stable environment. )electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). HSE. c.)mutation. b. Extremely stressful experiences can change overall optimistic explanatory styles into more pessimistic styles. b. d.)less; less. )loss of appetite, especially for high-calorie foods c.)cognitive dissonance phenomenon. Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to emphasize that human a. )narcissistic c.)objective scoring; subjective scoring Child age . c.)hope, a new perspective, and a caring relationship. A _____ is a syndrome marked by a clinically significant disturbance in an individual's cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior. Which of the following fictional research findings is the best evidence against the idea that "our lives are determined by our experiences"? "Evolutionary psychology and its causal mechanisms," he said, "are more fundamental than other branches of psychology and their causal explanations, which mostly deal with whole human beings." To reject evolutionary psychology is to reject broader reality; an outright rejection of biological and evolved realities is occurring. Consciousness is b.)genome. )psychodynamic therapy. c.)systematic desensitization. Alex Murdaugh and the Evolutionary Reason We're Drawn to Violent Crime d. heritability. brain waves that indicate we are not reacting to a stimulus. A meta-analysis of child-parent attachment in early childhood and It is very likely that Tate would be diagnosed as having: )83 b. Define the random variables XXX and PP^{\prime}P in words. Males' superiority on most spatial tasks has been attributed to the adaptive demands of hunting. 7 major approaches to Psychology - 7 APPROACHES TO PSYCHOLOGY - GSU a. a. e. The role of Edgar's reactions in the gender-typing of his children would be of most direct concern to: According to gender schema theory, children become gender-typed because they, b. perceive much of reality in terms of masculinity and femininity. d.)repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, c.)Amy effectively cope with a seasonal pattern for major depressive disorder. a. PSY chap 4 practice test Flashcards | Quizlet a. d.)genome. effortless encoding of incidental information into memory. Abraham Maslow suggested that individuals who are open, spontaneous, and not paralyzed by the opinions of others display: cerebellum. )disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, Which of the following is a new diagnostic label in DSM-5? a. Powered by Cognero. Dec. 31. )Tonya, who has the positive symptoms of schizophrenia c.)group polarization. reticular formation. b. b. Evolutionary psychologists would be most likely to attribute gender differences and attitudes towards sex to the fact that men have _____ than do women. ", Your conscious awareness of your own name and self-identity depends primarily on the normal functioning of your, A football quarterback can simultaneously make calculations of receiver distances, player movements, and gravitational forces. c.)2:1. a. Nellie is a 30-year-old who has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. )All of these things cause you to start smiling. Ten Surprising Facts About Stressful Life Events and Disease Risk )rapidly in response to a stressful life situation. )medical d. Although numerous individual studies have attempted to link child-parent attachment and prosociality, a systematic picture of that relationship requires a meta-analytic approach that considers different dimensions of prosociality and potential moderators. )neurogenesis, transference, and posttraumatic growth. According to _____________, by altering your behavior you stand a good chance of changing your attitude. Traditionally, psychologists have found sensation to be more interesting. sperm or eggs. )Larry effectively cope with dissociative identity disorder. If you have an intense fear of speaking in public, eating out, or going to parties, you may be suffering from: )maternal instinct )5 in 10 a. )a flat affect Forty-six chromosomes are located within every human: Genes form templates for the production of: The human genome has about 3 billion pairs of: Evolutionary psychologists emphasize that environmentally adaptive behaviors are those that have promoted: The prevalence of genetically predisposed traits which have a reproductive advantage is best explained in terms of: If a genetic predisposition to fear darkness contributes to reproductive success, that trait will likely be passed on to subsequent generations. One cluster expresses anxiety, such as that exhibited in ______________ personality disorder. )Prozac )factor analytic To determine if the drug is effective, he should: d.)A paper-and-pencil. Pages 58 Course Hero uses AI to attempt to automatically extract content from documents to surface to you and others so you can study better, e.g., in search results, to enrich docs, and more. The question of the extent to which evolution can be directed consciously has, however, recently come to the fore of non-Marxist evolutionary theory as well, as in . )A young woman marries her high school sweetheart. a. )"Objectivity does not guarantee validity." b. d.)mania. )do not increase; increase )stimulus generalization. This best illustrates the dangers of: Sep. 30. b. )}\\ Test 6 Flashcards | Chegg.com Last week Tate went into the hospital for a painful medical procedure. Evolutionary psychologists presume all human behaviours reflect the influence of physical and psychological predispositions that helped human ancestors survive and reproduce. )Freud; Billie Joe Armstrong )lobotomy The current meta-analysis examined 41 studies drawn primarily from North America and Europe and published between 1978 to 2020. A 3-month-old baby girl is always cheerful, relaxed, and predictable in terms of sleeping and eating. a. The concept of personality most clearly embodies the notion of: )obsessive-compulsive disorder. a.)self-transcendence. A behavior geneticist would be most interested in studying hereditary influences on A. skin color. active or inactive. )behavior geneticist. )aversive conditioning. d.)53, c.)She can make sure the participants know that she has a Ph.D. from a prestigious university. The main focus in evolutionary psychology is reproduction of future generations. Evolutionary Psychology - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy hormones. According to Allport, personality should be described in terms of: 1997], evolutionary psychologists [Buss, 1995; Tooby and Cosmides, 1992] have emphasized that humans (and other animals) evolved specific cognitive abilities to deal with recurring problems faced by our ancestors (e.g., obtaining food, acquiring a mate). Major Perspectives in Modern Psychology - Verywell Mind Research on the causes of schizophrenia strongly suggests that: b. )partial )posttraumatic growth. Trait theorists have been criticized for b. Clearly, Jennifer is already acquiring a knowledge of traditional, Women's leadership responsibilities have most clearly been limited by their, A person's sense of being male or female is his or her gender, The acquisition of a masculine or a feminine gender role is referred to as. a. This best illustrates the potentially harmful influence of, A stimulating environment is most likely to facilitate the development of a child's, Research on brain development suggests that repeated learning experiences seem to, a. strengthen neural connections at the location that processes the experiences, Jason was born with cataracts in both eyes. b. chap. 4 final Flashcards | Quizlet )sexual dysfunctions. c. Compared with women, men are more likely to: c. perceive simple friendliness as a sexual come-on. )10 percent. )cognitive therapy. Question 3. forties. AACB10.090.03B20.220.10B30.150.09B40.200.12. b. a. a.)paraphilias. c.)hoarding disorder Evolutionary psychology (EP) is a theoretical perspective that applies evolutionary principles to the study of human behavior. )underestimating the extent to which people differ from one another. This compulsive overthinking is called: b. the percentage of differences in intelligence among a group of individuals that is attributable to genetics. )latency Copyright Cengage Learning. Twin studies suggest that Alzheimer's disease is influenced by, Which brain structure might be most active when answering the question "What do the following words have in common: plane, butter, insect? For instance, evolutionary psychologists hypothesize that men may be more prone to casual sex because it benefits their ability to pass on genes. a. b. Significant dieting with significant weight loss of more than 15 percent of one's normal body weight is common in individuals with: b.)paraphilic. )Asperger syndrome )sexual conflicts during the adolescent years a. a. Which region of the brain will a fMRI show as active when a person is looking at a photo? b. )63 b. An evolutionary psychologist would be likely to suggest that human preferences for sweet-tasting foods. d.)conditioning. How might evolutionary psychology explain gender, sex, and/or )observational learning. b. a. Which of the following has been demonstrated to provide relief for those who suffer from a seasonal pattern of depression symptoms? b. genetic mutations. d. )do not increase; do not increase )obsessive-compulsive disorder Evolutionary psychologists believe that the behavioural predispositions or tendencies, such as 'aggression', is determined by genes and which is transfered from one generation to the next. Alex Murdaugh, sentenced to life in prison after conviction in double murder trial, during his sentencing at the Colleton County Courthouse in Walterboro, S.C . What is the probability that B2B_2B2 occurs? d.)our attitudes and actions clash. b. Sex Differences in Mate Preferences, Jealousy, and Aggression a. d.)the attitudes-follow-behavior principle, You decide to make a positive change in your life. b. )double helix. Briefly identify the agencys financial situation by answering the following questions. d.)a larger number of synapses. Self-actualization is: Thomas' behavior illustrates: a. Psychology should only study the observable and measurable. )the reality principle; the pleasure principle lateralization. c.)a fugue state. b. c.)reinforcement. )gender typing. d.)schizophrenia. nature or nurture. c.)puberty. )the id )less curiosity about their environment. )exposure, desensitization, and relaxation. b. Acquired 8% Distribution Transformers Corporation bonds costing $400,000 at face value. c. a. degeneration of neural connections in visual reception areas of the brain. )learned helplessness. Credit: Natterson-Horowitz et al. a. 2 (2002): 146-60 and "The Problem of Romantic Love: Shakespeare and Evolutionary Psychology" in . d.)disorganized thinking. c.)psychoanalysis An adopted child's chances of developing schizophrenia ________ if the biological parents have schizophrenia. )biological psychologist. d.)are at increased risk for antisocial behavior. The threadlike structures that contain genes are called )stimulus generalization. a. d.)gender schema theorists. c.)genuineness. Males in their ________ are most likely to be sexually attracted to women who are several years older rather than several years younger than themselves. d.)conscious, b. )systematic desensitization. Thus, genes are said to be: Dr. Miller is studying the evolution of behavior and the mind, using principles of natural selection. b. Concepts of masculinity and femininity that influence our comprehension of the world are called gender: d.)Xanax. hippocampus )systematic desensitization c.)being unable to remember one's own name or other important details about one's own life b. b. According to evolutionary psychology all humans share a universal _____ that has survived from a distant past in which we lived in small groups and punished those who directly harmed others. a.)asexual. c.)patient's inability to distinguish between real events and dream images. As Kevin matures, he will probably develop a, d. higher level of intelligence than that of his biological father. )hindsight bias Because Gretchen is afraid of contracting infectious diseases, she compulsively avoids shaking people's hands or touching doorknobs. d.)the ego, _____________ is to the history of psychology as _____________ is to the history of rock music. Modern evolutionary psychologists propose that many motives have evolutionary underpinnings Homeostasis and Drive Theory Homeostasis- a state of internal physiological equilibrium that the body strives to maintain Requires a sensory mechanism for detecting changes in internal environment, a response . a. b. This best illustrates the activity of multiple. c.)increase; do not increase c.)progressive relaxation. c.)depression. d.)long-term potentiation. Which of the following pairings can be most easily explained by evolutionary psychology? )the double-blind technique. e. b. )the self-reference phenomenon. Introduction to Psychology chapter 1 by - Issuu The tragic decision to launch the space shuttle Challenger resulted in part from the minimal expression of dissenting views among NASA personnel and advisors. home environment and school environment. c.)social facilitation. 564 The reproductive advantage enjoyed by organisms best suitedto a particular environment is . )schizotypal personality disorder. )attitude )The behavior is dysfunctional for Naima. Your sister-in-law always has a smile on her face and a joke to tell. He cannot concentrate at work and has been calling in sick at least once each week. The BLS does not specifically identify evolutionary psychology as a separate field, however, the American Psychological Association places the annual yearly salary for experimental psychology - a closely related field - at a range of $76,090-$116,343. b.)psychoanalysis. A. b.)types. c.)our desire for love and security It is these programspsychological mechanismsthat are products of natural selection. d.)is the part of the unconscious mind that reflects human evolutionary history and is common to all people. Most psychologists today agree with (1) but not with (2). c.)Wilhelm Wundt; Elvis Which of the following is a key characteristic of her eating disorder? Updated January 19, 2023 by BetterHelp Editorial Team. a. a.)self-disclosure. e. d.)attitudes toward responsibility. the study of how the environment triggers genetic expression. a. c.)are genetically predisposed. )None of these would be an explanation for why your friend yelled at you. Negative Bias: Why We're Hardwired for Negativity - Verywell Mind )illustrate neural plasticity. a. )overestimating the consistency of behavior from one situation to another. a. Because he believes that "real men have no fears," 8-year-old George has difficulty accepting the fact that his father is fearful of losing his job. overemphasizing humans' capacity to learn and adapt to a variety of environments. a. Uploaded By Jah70ssan. d.)schemas. With 1,014 Chinese singles, we found that singles preferred their ideal partner to share similarities in the HEXACO traits . )biopsychosocial b. b. Third, most versions of Marxist theory gave greater emphasis to human agency or ability consciously to shape the direction of social change than was typical of evolutionary theory. b. b.)1:1. d.)very rough guidelines for diagnosing mental disorders. Patients receive a general anesthetic and muscle relaxant prior to treatment with: c.)inappropriate emotions. Which of the following is TRUE regarding heredity? Which Viewpoint would John Watson Most Likely Agree with? )nicotine can temporarily increase serotonin, a neurotransmitter overabundant in people with depression. Include totals for net income, comprehensive income, and retained earnings as a result of these investments. Evolutionary psychology focuses on how universal patterns of behavior and cognitive processes have evolved over time. If a genetic predisposition to fear darkness contributes to reproductive success, that trait will likely be passed on to subsequent generations. )fear dangerous animals. It has been suggested that men in all cultures tend to marry women younger than themselves because they are naturally attracted to female features associated with youthful fertility. thoughts, feelings, and perceptions. c.)foot-in-the-door phenomenon. The value of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is in part due to the effectiveness of d.)social facilitation. (True Answer )Correct interaction. b. d.)confirmation bias. a.)complexes. She is constantly worried about her home life even when she is at work. a. The brains of people who suffer from depression tend to have low levels of: c. Psych Module 15 Test Flashcards | Quizlet However, it also raises the question of how an omnipotent and morally perfect God can allow so much pain and suffering in the world. c.)GABA. nature and nurture. b.)schizophrenia. c.)behavioral conditioning therapy. The stability of personality during adulthood is best evaluated by: d.)posttraumatic stress disorder, In one study (Seal et al., 2007) of 103,788 veterans returning from Iraq and Afghanistan, _____ percent were diagnosed with a psychological disorder, in which the most frequent diagnosis was posttraumatic stress disorder. )generalized anxiety disorder. failing to consider unconscious motivations. Evolutionary Developmental Psychology: A New Tool for Better - JSTOR temporal lobes . c.)persistent depressive disorder. a. )major depressive disorder. c.)selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). However, monogamous relationships can also be explained using an evolutionary perspective. genes or prenatal factors play a role in handedness. c.)20 percent. Incorrect natural selection. )including some conditions that are too "normal" to be considered disorders, such as extreme sadness related to bereavement. Therefore, variations in cognition and behavior would make individuals more or less successful in reproducing and passing those genes to their offspring. Evolutionary Psychology: #N# <h2>What Is Evolutionary Psychology?</h2>#N# <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden">#N# <div . Sharon was admitted to the hospital with severe depression. )9 in 10 d.)Jeremy effectively cope with antisocial personality disorder. a.)individualism. Evolutionary psychologists would be most likely to predict that: a. In promoting personality growth, the person-centered perspective emphasizes everything EXCEPT: brain lesion. b) molecular geneticist. This type of attention problem is thought to contribute to: He also wants a new cap, shirt, and sweater to match his father's. Alex's behavior suggests that he is in the _____ stage of psychosexual development. Evolutionary pschologists are most likely to emphasize that - en.ya.guru Rana washes her hands about 50 times a day because she is a nurse practitioner and she knows that it is an important part of her job. )people often enter therapy in crisis, and these crises often pass without professional help. chapter 4 Flashcards | Chegg.com This is caused by: e. Given that B2B_2B2 has occurred, what is the probability that AAA occurs? For the past three months Nathanial, a heavy smoker, has been severely depressed. Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to emphasize that human adaptiveness to a variety of different environments has contributed to human. )cognitive dissonance theory. )4 weeks Development Research suggests that this negativity bias starts to emerge in infancy. \text{(Hint: Interest must be accrued. a. d.)client's expectation that psychotherapy will make things better. thirties. c. d. \end{array} As such, evolutionary psychologists would be most likely to predict that certain behaviors and traits are more likely to be present in individuals because they have been selected for over time due to their adaptive value in the environment in which they evolved. C) develop their own theories. a. Phisolophie of Evolution - Evolutionary Philosophy - Wilmington For Christ c.)interpersonal psychotherapy. We are interested in the population proportion of people who feel the president is doing an acceptable job. b. It is very likely that Odessa is suffering from: b. d.)negative symptoms. a. plasticity. evolutionary psychology, the study of behaviour, thought, and feeling as viewed through the lens of evolutionary biology. d.)client's expectation that psychotherapy will make things better. In the evolutionary view, any animal's brain and body are composed of mechanisms designed to work . Yen is designing an experiment on obedience to authority. The underlying assumption is that a demanding situation results in psychological distress and strain when decision latitude and control over characteristics of the situation are insufficient (e.g., Karasek et al. The principles of evolutionary psychology would suggest that parents experience the strongest grief over the deaths of their: Compared with men, women are ________ likely to read pornographic material and ________ likely to refuse direct requests for casual sex. a. First is evolutionary theory, which claims that behavioral tendencies, physical characteristics, and personality features that promote our chances to survive and reproduce become, by that virtue,. )not use a placebo. Symptoms that can be incorrectly perceived as a heart attack are most characteristic of: d.)7 in 10. Her judgment best illustrates: c.)Freudian psychologists. a. )gives rise to two personality types, the introvert and the extravert. )disruptive mood dysregulation disorder Evolutionary Psychology And Therapy | BetterHelp c.)avoidant Client-centered therapists emphasize the importance of: a. After three days of taking a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) Dennis is disappointed because he is not feeling any better. )external attributions for failure. The following are the 7 approaches to psychology. Men rape women much more frequently than women rape men. Psychodynamic therapy has been found to be especially successful in the treatment of: humanistic psychology, a movement in psychology supporting the belief that humans, as individuals, are unique beings and should be recognized and treated as such by psychologists and psychiatrists. Bipolar disorder affects women and men in a ratio of: )binge eating and purging by self-induced vomiting c.)schizophrenia. )personality traits. )fundamental attribution error. )have only treatment groups, no control groups. d. What is the probability that AAA or B3B_3B3 occurs?